Benefits of the Human genome project consist of:

Molecular Medicine
Improved diagnosis of disease
Earlier detection of genetic predispositions to disease
Rational drug design
Gene therapy and control systems for drugs
Pharmacogenomics "custom drugs"

Energy and Environmental Applications
Use microbial genomics research to create new energy sources (biofuels)
Use microbial genomics research to develop environmental monitoring techniques to detect pollutants
Use microbial genomics research for safe, efficient environmental remediation
Use microbial genomics research for carbon sequestration

Risk Assessment
Assess health damage and risks caused by radiation exposure, including low-dose exposures
Assess health damage and risks caused by exposure to mutagenic chemicals and cancer-causing toxins
Reduce the likelihood of heritable mutations

Bioarchaeology, Anthropology, Evolution, and Human Migration
Study evolution through germline mutations in lineages
Study migration of different population groups based on female genetic inheritance
Study mutations on the Y chromosome to trace lineage and migration of males
Compare breakpoints in the evolution of mutations with ages of populations and historical events

DNA Forensics (Identification)
Identify potential suspects whose DNA may match evidence left at crime scenes
Exonerate persons wrongly accused of crimes
Identify crime and catastrophe victims
Establish paternity and other family relationships
Identify endangered and protected species as an aid to wildlife officials (could be used for prosecuting poachers)
Detect bacteria and other organisms that may pollute air, water, soil, and food
Match organ donors with recipients in transplant programs
Determine pedigree for seed or livestock breeds
Authenticate consumables such as caviar and wine

Agriculture, Livestock Breeding, and Bioprocessing
Disease-, insect-, and drought-resistant crops
Healthier, more productive, disease-resistant farm animals
More nutritious produce
Biopesticides
Edible vaccines incorporated into food products
New environmental cleanup uses for plants like tobacco